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| c. 1930 |
| | | A pregnant female hamster, captured in Syria, becomes the ancestor of every pet hamster in the world | |
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| c. 1943 |
| | | The Ba'th party is founded by Michel Aflaq and others in Syria, with a pan-Arab political agenda | |
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| 1946 |
| | | Syria becomes fully independent with the withdrawal of French forces | |
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| 1958 |
| | | Egypt and Syria merge as the United Arab Republic (but disengage three years later) | |
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| 1961 |
| | | Syria withdraws from the United Arab Republic (UAR) seeing it as unacceptably dominated by Egypt | |
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| 1963 |
| | | A military coup in Syria brings the Ba'th party to power | |
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| 1967 |
| | | Israel captures the Golan Heights from Syria in the Six-Day War | |
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| 1970 |
| | | Ba'thist leader Hafiz al-Assad takes power in a military coup in Syria | |
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| 1971 |
| | | The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), expelled from Jordan, makes a new base in Lebanon | |
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| 1982 |
| | | Israeli Minister of Defence Ariel Sharon heads Israel's invasion of Lebanon to expel the PLO | |
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